Balance is very important, the purpose is to build source of income generate from both active and passive way. Active way, become a employee and earn the salary. It would be good if we have the other source generate from passive income, let money work hard for you through investment, be it property rental, business income or dividend.
The rich people look for business, the poor people look for works. The poor are poor not because they do not have a dream, but because they do not turn their dream into reality. "If you want to be rich, you need to be a business owner"
Saturday, December 4, 2010
Wednesday, November 24, 2010
QL - Need to do some homework
QL is a very impressive company, in the past 3 years, it grow more than 20% each year. This is one of the company on my buying list. 10 years ago, if someone bought 1000 share at $2, keep till today, total shares after 7 times of shares split, he will own 9000 shares. With today's market price of $5.70, the total value is $51,300.
Recently QL announced another share split of 1 for 2, private placement to raise $104 million and 1 for 20 warrants. I am not sure if this is a red flag, as private placement means to raise fund, isn't the company is profit every year? Another thing bother me is the high debt and high receivable.
Noticed a very meaningful blog wrote by "Where is Ze Moola", below I cut and paste:
Quote
How?
Earnings growth still there but the balance sheet issues mentioned earlier in the posting Oh, that stock called QL still prevails.
Let me reproduce that posting in full here......
Dedicated to BB.
And this is how QL - the stock has performed since 2002. (Chart is provided by Chartnexus.com and it's price adjusted to account for all the bonus and splits. Hey if it's inaccurate - don't shoot me on this issue! :P )
The earnings growth is clearly there to be seen.
Some 'purist' - they love to be precise and they like to use stuff like CAGR to check out the growth.
Wah.. some smart ass would say 'Walaueh! so much work to do meh? Much easier if the just follow a stock tip and punt on it!
Very true. :D
Of course, it's much easier.
I don't deny it but I for one, like to 'invest' in a stock from a business perspective. That is, I only invest or be a business partner in the stock ONLY when I fully understand what's happening.
Seriously. Say Auntie Susan comes to you and ask if you are interested in joing her in a business ventrue to open a toe massage center. Would you just say yes, because it's Auntie Susan (:P) or would you take the time and do some careful research? Well if the answer is the latter, then why is investing in a stock any different?
Now assume one has done the research ( LOL! I am lazy to do the research! :P) and one is satisfied, then perhaps one should look at the company's balance sheet.
Yes, sometimes to read that a company's making money, is simply not enough.
Remember Megan Media issue? Company at one time kept saying there's profit, lot's of profits but its debts and receivables kept on growing at insane rate. Well not insinuating anything but just saying that it's much better to know a bit more than not knowing anything at all. :P
The Balance Sheet.
How?
Clearly the balance sheet is NOT as nice as the company's earnings.
The clear debt build up is very clear.
But some would argue that cash recently has 'grown'...
I am sorry but I don't.
As mentioned in a discussion back in 2007, "there is no breakdown of how and where the money went... see how everything is just lumped as investing activities? So what's the investing activities? " And what's the financing activities?
Yes, I do feel QL ranks poorly in the issue of being transparent in its disclosure of it's cash flow!
The cash flow is so important to the investing public. The investing public needs to know where the money is coming from and it needs to know where the money is flowing out!
To not explain is not respecting the investing public at all!
hehe... these comments are as it is. It's my flawed thinking and if you think I am wrong, then I am wrong. My opinions are a dime a dozen. :D ( LOL! Some say 'Talk is cheap because supply more than demand! :P )
IF NOT BECAUSE OF THE ABOVE POINTS, QL IS ACTUALLY A VERY GOOD GROWING STOCK, I ASSUME!
Recently QL announced another share split of 1 for 2, private placement to raise $104 million and 1 for 20 warrants. I am not sure if this is a red flag, as private placement means to raise fund, isn't the company is profit every year? Another thing bother me is the high debt and high receivable.
Noticed a very meaningful blog wrote by "Where is Ze Moola", below I cut and paste:
Quote
Posted 30th Aug 2010: Oh, that stock called QL
Firstly the nice chart of QL. It flew didn't it? :=)
QL reported its earnings last night. Here's the quick numbers.
Firstly the nice chart of QL. It flew didn't it? :=)
QL reported its earnings last night. Here's the quick numbers.
How?
Earnings growth still there but the balance sheet issues mentioned earlier in the posting Oh, that stock called QL still prevails.
Let me reproduce that posting in full here......
-----------------
Dedicated to BB.
- bullbear said...
Financial Datas on QL: here
QL is yet another company with good revenues (8% annually) and earnings growth (>20% annually). Its ROA was around 9% to 10% and with judicious leverage through debt and borrowings, its ROE was around 21% to 22%.
At its present price, its PE is at its higher end of its historical range. The company has been selling its treasury shares recently. Of course, QL hogs the limelight with its recent purchase of Lay Hong.
Yes, QL is one of the stocks which had an incredible growth and the stock markets, they tend to really love them growth stocks to the death and yes, there are some who believe that growth is one of them market holy grails. Yeah, what's your holy grail? Mine? My flawed view of course is not being stupid and silly and needless to say, knowing when I am the silly jackass should be sufficient enough to make great money.
The charts - charts are not bad a tool for the kiasu leh. You know a stock market kiasu player is one who does not want to be in a stock when the stock is at its peak. Yeah, buying high and selling higher does not exist in their world. :P.
And this is how QL - the stock has performed since 2002. (Chart is provided by Chartnexus.com and it's price adjusted to account for all the bonus and splits. Hey if it's inaccurate - don't shoot me on this issue! :P )
The financial track record.
The earnings growth is clearly there to be seen.
Some 'purist' - they love to be precise and they like to use stuff like CAGR to check out the growth.
Let's have some fun. :P
Using ttm earnings of 111.673 as the end number.
1. Since 2002 or a time span of 9 years, QL's earnings had a CAGR of 22.33%!
2. But since 2006 or a time span of 5 years, QL's earnings had a CAGR of only 18.01%
2. But since 2006 or a time span of 5 years, QL's earnings had a CAGR of only 18.01%
Yeah.. as mentioned once before in the blog, the starting point of reference is always crucial and sometimes when one 'handpicks' the starting the point, the CAGR numbers could look seriously impressive. :D
But then... the purist would insist that that simple result is rather significant because it does indicated the growth rate is slowing the most recent 5 years compared to the last 9 years. And there's probably some sort of logic here because growth rate does not last forever and ever and especially for a company's earnings, growth could simply 'peak'.
And yeah.. for the stock market, there's so many approaches and there's so many different techniques and no, I do not think it's a sin if one misses out on a so-called opportunity because they feel that they are uncomfortable with the strategy.
And of course, there are some, who have noted the rather 'thin' margins for QL Resources.
Would this be an issue? For some yes. For some no. As long as the growth remains strong, the 'thinner' margins are acceptable.
And for some, those numbers alone are not sufficient.
Well if the above passes one's test, one would probably want to know what's the driving factor. Yes, if one does 'more' research, QL is a diversified company and it would make sense to have a look at the company's segmentals.
As indicated, marine-based manufacturing and integrated livestock farming are the driving factor behind QL's current success and if one is really interested in this company, it would be sensible to understand more, yes? Yes, do spend some time researching.Wah.. some smart ass would say 'Walaueh! so much work to do meh? Much easier if the just follow a stock tip and punt on it!
Very true. :D
Of course, it's much easier.
I don't deny it but I for one, like to 'invest' in a stock from a business perspective. That is, I only invest or be a business partner in the stock ONLY when I fully understand what's happening.
Seriously. Say Auntie Susan comes to you and ask if you are interested in joing her in a business ventrue to open a toe massage center. Would you just say yes, because it's Auntie Susan (:P) or would you take the time and do some careful research? Well if the answer is the latter, then why is investing in a stock any different?
Now assume one has done the research ( LOL! I am lazy to do the research! :P) and one is satisfied, then perhaps one should look at the company's balance sheet.
Yes, sometimes to read that a company's making money, is simply not enough.
Remember Megan Media issue? Company at one time kept saying there's profit, lot's of profits but its debts and receivables kept on growing at insane rate. Well not insinuating anything but just saying that it's much better to know a bit more than not knowing anything at all. :P
The Balance Sheet.
How?
Clearly the balance sheet is NOT as nice as the company's earnings.
The clear debt build up is very clear.
But some would argue that cash recently has 'grown'...
Now this is QL's Q4 earnings reported on May 2010: Quarterly rpt on consolidated results for the financial period ended 31/3/2010. Open the Excel file attached and look for the Cash Flow statement. Do you like what you see?
I am sorry but I don't.
As mentioned in a discussion back in 2007, "there is no breakdown of how and where the money went... see how everything is just lumped as investing activities? So what's the investing activities? " And what's the financing activities?
Yes, I do feel QL ranks poorly in the issue of being transparent in its disclosure of it's cash flow!
The cash flow is so important to the investing public. The investing public needs to know where the money is coming from and it needs to know where the money is flowing out!
To not explain is not respecting the investing public at all!
hehe... these comments are as it is. It's my flawed thinking and if you think I am wrong, then I am wrong. My opinions are a dime a dozen. :D ( LOL! Some say 'Talk is cheap because supply more than demand! :P )
So how?
The most recent fiscal year, cash balances 'improved' to 106.112 million. Surely this is impressive, yes?
But... but.... butttt.....
But... but.... butttt.....
The cynical would also be quick to point out that DEBTS as 'improved' to a whopping to 412.330 million!
How?
Perhaps the cash balances 'improved' because of a drawdown in the company's borrowings.
Not possible?
Yeah... how unfortunate that QL does NOT want to disclose properly what's happening in their cash flow statement. :(
And the numbers 'purist' would be quick to draw out their financial calculators and compute the CAGR of QL's debts!!!!
In 2002, QL's debts was 156.240. 9 years later, the debt is now 401.424 (and as the earnings CAGR, the ttm numbers is used as the 9th year). And the debt CAGR is some 11.05%.
Now for some, this is acceptable because the earnings growth rate was some 22.33% ( see earlier part of this posting).
But for some, such debt build up is a no-no.
And for some, it's way too complicated. :P
Here's perhaps a more simplier perspective.
Now if one sums up the earnings since fy 2002, one can see that since 2002, QL has earned some 601.407 million.
Here's perhaps a more simplier perspective.
Now if one sums up the earnings since fy 2002, one can see that since 2002, QL has earned some 601.407 million.
Nice.
But at fy 2002, using the simplistic net cash approach (net cash = total cash - total debts) , one saw that QL was in a net debt of 136.727 million.
Now remember, since fy 2002, QL resources had earned some 601.407 million.
Now as a businessman or business lady, what do you want to see?
Don't you want to see the company is able to generate some sort of wealth from this 601.407 million?
And in terms of wealth, won't it be logical that the company's net cash position improve?
601.407 million woh!
And how did QL's most recent quarter earnings showed? Total cash stands at 70.720 million. Total debts is at 401.424 million! Or a net debt of 330.704 million!
As stated in a discussion back in 2007, "So the issue is simple. As an investor, one probably should be weary that the company is not able to retain some sort of wealth from all the earnings it had earned."
UnquoteIF NOT BECAUSE OF THE ABOVE POINTS, QL IS ACTUALLY A VERY GOOD GROWING STOCK, I ASSUME!
Thursday, September 30, 2010
利用“开番”来致富
有一位刚刚就业的大学生告诉我,年轻人都是穷困的,几乎每个人都是负翁,因为大家都有PTPN的债务要还,汽车的贷款要供,努力工作的目的只是为了脱离负翁的行列而已,没有人敢想象自己将来可以成为百万富翁。
他感叹地说:我们这里的薪水实在是太低了,在香港,麦当劳的员工每月的薪水都有8千港币(约合马币4千令吉),而大马的大学毕业生只有2千多令吉的月薪而已。比较之下,真的让人怀疑,政府是否有能力使大马成为高收入的国家。
整体而言,大马要成为高收入的国家,的确是困难,但是个人而言,要脱离穷困,迈入有钱人的行列还是有机会的。
只要懂得储蓄和投资,不管薪水有多低,尽量减少无谓的开支,尽量把储蓄下来的钱投入会增值的资产上面,致富还是有机会的。
储蓄和投资是要两者并重的,缺一不可。
很多人都以为财富的累积是靠“加法”,一路,一路的加上去。
例如:1,2,3,4,5……..如此这样的加上去。
其实财富的累积是靠“乘法”,一路,一路的乘上去。
例如:1,2,4,8,16………如此这样的乘上去。
人们有错误的观念是因为已经习惯了 “人赚钱”,所以就以为只有付出劳力去工作,然后努力的储蓄,财富就会一点一滴的累积出来。
通过打工来赚钱,每年所增加的数目都是根据所储蓄的数额来计算,所以财富的累积就是用加法。
其实,正确的致富方法是靠“钱赚钱”,而钱赚钱就是投资,通过投资,每年所增加的数额都是根据回酬率来计算,所以财富的累积就是用乘法。
用乘法来累积财富当然比用加法来得快了,这就是钱赚钱比人赚钱来得快的理由。
把钱拿去投资就是钱赚钱。
投资的钱增加了一倍就是开了一个番,这就是所谓的资本开番。
开番讲究的是时间,越短就越好。
想要致富就要懂得让资本开番,而资本的大小并不不是重点,重点在于速度,开番的速度。
这就是复利的奥妙:
一千开十番就变成一百万。
一万开十番就变成一千万。
一千或一万都不是大数目,每个人都会有,这是事实。
而百万或千万却是每个人的奋斗目标和梦想。
事实和梦想的距离只是十个番而已。
只要做得到十个番,梦想就是事实了。
详解如下:
次数
本钱
开始
1万
第一番
2万
第二番
4万
第三番
8万
第四番
16万
第五番
32万
第六番
64万
第七番
128万
第八番
256万
第九番
512万
第十番
1024万
如果开一番费时3年,那么开十番也只是30年的时间而已。
十番绝对是神奇的!因为1万变成千万只需要十个番而已!
奇怪,是谁需要千万,年轻人的目标不是百万吗?
我问这位刚刚就业的大学生:如果起点是六万,达到百万需要几个番?
他想了一下就回答:4 个番!
如果他不买那辆价值6万的新车,他要成为百万只需要4个番。
原来他的梦想还是有机会实现,只要懂得让钱财开番就可以了。
from: http://cforum1.cari.com.my/viewthread.php?tid=1790071&extra=page%3D1&page=1
他感叹地说:我们这里的薪水实在是太低了,在香港,麦当劳的员工每月的薪水都有8千港币(约合马币4千令吉),而大马的大学毕业生只有2千多令吉的月薪而已。比较之下,真的让人怀疑,政府是否有能力使大马成为高收入的国家。
整体而言,大马要成为高收入的国家,的确是困难,但是个人而言,要脱离穷困,迈入有钱人的行列还是有机会的。
只要懂得储蓄和投资,不管薪水有多低,尽量减少无谓的开支,尽量把储蓄下来的钱投入会增值的资产上面,致富还是有机会的。
储蓄和投资是要两者并重的,缺一不可。
很多人都以为财富的累积是靠“加法”,一路,一路的加上去。
例如:1,2,3,4,5……..如此这样的加上去。
其实财富的累积是靠“乘法”,一路,一路的乘上去。
例如:1,2,4,8,16………如此这样的乘上去。
人们有错误的观念是因为已经习惯了 “人赚钱”,所以就以为只有付出劳力去工作,然后努力的储蓄,财富就会一点一滴的累积出来。
通过打工来赚钱,每年所增加的数目都是根据所储蓄的数额来计算,所以财富的累积就是用加法。
其实,正确的致富方法是靠“钱赚钱”,而钱赚钱就是投资,通过投资,每年所增加的数额都是根据回酬率来计算,所以财富的累积就是用乘法。
用乘法来累积财富当然比用加法来得快了,这就是钱赚钱比人赚钱来得快的理由。
把钱拿去投资就是钱赚钱。
投资的钱增加了一倍就是开了一个番,这就是所谓的资本开番。
开番讲究的是时间,越短就越好。
想要致富就要懂得让资本开番,而资本的大小并不不是重点,重点在于速度,开番的速度。
这就是复利的奥妙:
一千开十番就变成一百万。
一万开十番就变成一千万。
一千或一万都不是大数目,每个人都会有,这是事实。
而百万或千万却是每个人的奋斗目标和梦想。
事实和梦想的距离只是十个番而已。
只要做得到十个番,梦想就是事实了。
详解如下:
次数
本钱
开始
1万
第一番
2万
第二番
4万
第三番
8万
第四番
16万
第五番
32万
第六番
64万
第七番
128万
第八番
256万
第九番
512万
第十番
1024万
如果开一番费时3年,那么开十番也只是30年的时间而已。
十番绝对是神奇的!因为1万变成千万只需要十个番而已!
奇怪,是谁需要千万,年轻人的目标不是百万吗?
我问这位刚刚就业的大学生:如果起点是六万,达到百万需要几个番?
他想了一下就回答:4 个番!
如果他不买那辆价值6万的新车,他要成为百万只需要4个番。
原来他的梦想还是有机会实现,只要懂得让钱财开番就可以了。
from: http://cforum1.cari.com.my/viewthread.php?tid=1790071&extra=page%3D1&page=1
赚钱和有钱没有直接的关系
赚钱的方法主要有三个:
第一个方法是最普遍的,那就是帮人家打工赚取薪水,几乎每个踏入社会的年轻人都是从这条路开始,有的人是一份工打一辈子,一直做到退休为止,教师就是一个例子。有的人是一路做就一路换,别的老板给的待遇更好,就跳槽了。这是水往低处流,人往高出爬的心态,无可厚非,不过,把追求高薪当作奋斗的目标,结局还是一样,就是做到退休为止,退休之前的时间是属于别人的。所以,以自由度为考量,这算是层次比较低的赚钱方法。
第二个方法的难度比较高,因为它需要有一纸的证书,自己执业的医生,律师就是很好的例子。这个赚钱方法不靠被人,只靠自己,因为自己就是老板,所以时间是掌握在自己的手上,比起帮人家打工,算是比较好的了,不过,还是有一点不足之处,那就是手停口就停,虽然不必强制性的退休,但是,还是受到体能的限制。
第三个方法是做生意,自己做老板,这个方法不需要看文凭,没有受到学历的限制,只看自己的本事。如果本事大,小生意可以变成大生意,如果本事小,一辈子就是小生意。不管是大生意或小生意,时间是掌握在自己的手上,以自由度来看,这是层次比较高的赚钱方法。
以上三种方法,那一个赚钱比较多?
没有一定的标准,有的人只是帮人家打工,就可以领取百万的年薪,有的人自己做生意,却穷困潦倒。举个例子:大众银行的总裁领取的年薪高达500万令吉,试问有几个生意人可以做得到呢?
当然,大众银行的老板郑鸿标绝对比他的总裁赚更多的钱,但是,他是超级的有钱人,是个大富豪,不可同日而言。
不过,郑鸿标也是白手起家的,他是从打工仔变成老板,然后成为有钱人,再成为超级有钱人,然后才是大富豪。他是从低层次的赚钱方法,慢慢转化为高层次的赚钱方法,然后一飞冲天,成为人上人。
那么,赚钱和有钱是怎么一回事,怎样才能成为一个有钱人?
其实,赚钱和有钱没有直接的关系。
每个人都懂得赚钱,但是,赚大钱却不是成为有钱人的保证。
如何应用赚来的钱才是关键之处,懂得把钱投入会增值的资产才是重点。
很多赚大钱的人无法晋升为有钱人,只是因为把太多的钱花在会贬值的资产上面。
有的人月入万元,衣着讲究,满身名牌,出入用漂亮的房车,进出高级的餐厅, 外表看起来就像个有钱人,不错,只是像个有钱人而已,而不是真正的有钱人。
他们无法成为有钱人就是因为把太多的钱花在会贬值的物品上面,名牌奢侈品,汽车等等都是会贬值的资产,把所赚到的钱都消费在这些物品和服务上面,穷一生的努力也是无法成为真正的有钱人。
真正的有钱人是那些拥有可观的存款,股票,房子等等能够保值又增值的资产的人士。总结一句话:要晋升为有钱人,就得尽量持有会增值的资产。
from: http://cforum1.cari.com.my/viewthread.php?tid=1790071&extra=page%3D1&page=1
第一个方法是最普遍的,那就是帮人家打工赚取薪水,几乎每个踏入社会的年轻人都是从这条路开始,有的人是一份工打一辈子,一直做到退休为止,教师就是一个例子。有的人是一路做就一路换,别的老板给的待遇更好,就跳槽了。这是水往低处流,人往高出爬的心态,无可厚非,不过,把追求高薪当作奋斗的目标,结局还是一样,就是做到退休为止,退休之前的时间是属于别人的。所以,以自由度为考量,这算是层次比较低的赚钱方法。
第二个方法的难度比较高,因为它需要有一纸的证书,自己执业的医生,律师就是很好的例子。这个赚钱方法不靠被人,只靠自己,因为自己就是老板,所以时间是掌握在自己的手上,比起帮人家打工,算是比较好的了,不过,还是有一点不足之处,那就是手停口就停,虽然不必强制性的退休,但是,还是受到体能的限制。
第三个方法是做生意,自己做老板,这个方法不需要看文凭,没有受到学历的限制,只看自己的本事。如果本事大,小生意可以变成大生意,如果本事小,一辈子就是小生意。不管是大生意或小生意,时间是掌握在自己的手上,以自由度来看,这是层次比较高的赚钱方法。
以上三种方法,那一个赚钱比较多?
没有一定的标准,有的人只是帮人家打工,就可以领取百万的年薪,有的人自己做生意,却穷困潦倒。举个例子:大众银行的总裁领取的年薪高达500万令吉,试问有几个生意人可以做得到呢?
当然,大众银行的老板郑鸿标绝对比他的总裁赚更多的钱,但是,他是超级的有钱人,是个大富豪,不可同日而言。
不过,郑鸿标也是白手起家的,他是从打工仔变成老板,然后成为有钱人,再成为超级有钱人,然后才是大富豪。他是从低层次的赚钱方法,慢慢转化为高层次的赚钱方法,然后一飞冲天,成为人上人。
那么,赚钱和有钱是怎么一回事,怎样才能成为一个有钱人?
其实,赚钱和有钱没有直接的关系。
每个人都懂得赚钱,但是,赚大钱却不是成为有钱人的保证。
如何应用赚来的钱才是关键之处,懂得把钱投入会增值的资产才是重点。
很多赚大钱的人无法晋升为有钱人,只是因为把太多的钱花在会贬值的资产上面。
有的人月入万元,衣着讲究,满身名牌,出入用漂亮的房车,进出高级的餐厅, 外表看起来就像个有钱人,不错,只是像个有钱人而已,而不是真正的有钱人。
他们无法成为有钱人就是因为把太多的钱花在会贬值的物品上面,名牌奢侈品,汽车等等都是会贬值的资产,把所赚到的钱都消费在这些物品和服务上面,穷一生的努力也是无法成为真正的有钱人。
真正的有钱人是那些拥有可观的存款,股票,房子等等能够保值又增值的资产的人士。总结一句话:要晋升为有钱人,就得尽量持有会增值的资产。
from: http://cforum1.cari.com.my/viewthread.php?tid=1790071&extra=page%3D1&page=1
股票投资风险有多高?
from: 冷眼分享集
出自《冷眼分享集》
提到股票投资,一般人的反应是:股市是赌场,风险很高。
再询问你身边买过股票的人,你会发现,之八九亏本,赚钱的不到十之一,二。
更使人好奇的是:既然如此,何以仍有人前仆后继?
我想股市的魅力,就是在它的变幻莫测,越难以捉摸的东西,吸引力越大。在股市中,每一个交易都是一个挑战,每一次的交易,盈亏都是个未知数,就好像进入赌场的人,有下注就有赢钱的希望一样,所以,尽管明知十赌九输,仍乐此不倦。
我曾经询问在股市中投机的朋友,屡战屡败,何以仍不离开股市,他们也无法解释。
更令人感到惊奇的是:在股市中失手的,不少是受过高等教育的专业人士,他们在专业的岗位上,精明能干,但进入股市,总是铩羽而归,似乎知识并无助于提高胜算。
跟别的投资管道,尤其是购买房地产相比,股票投资的风险,肯定比较高,有多高?我的答案是:不会比做生意的风险更高。
在“买股票就是买股份”一文中,我已经说得很清楚:买股票就是买公司的股份,买进一家公司的股份,就是投资于有关公司。很明显的,购买股份的风险,就等于有关公司的生意的风险。
如果说买股票没有风险的话,那是痴人说梦话。大家都知道,做生意一定会面对风险。有赚无亏的生意,少之又少,即使用,当所有的人趋之若鹜时,这门生意的竞争激烈了,赚率会逐步下降,最后那些管理不当或资金不够雄厚的业者,会面对亏蚀,最后是被淘汰,优胜劣败,在商场中尤其明显。
既然买股份就是跟数以万计的陌生人合股做生意,则股份的风险,其实就等于生意的风险。
所以,买股票的风险,不会比直接做生意的风险更高。因为你的股份所代表的就是企业的业务。
企业经营成功,你的股份的价值跟着上升,企业经营失败,你的股份的价值跟着贬值。如果是企业一蹶不振,就好像整百家被列为PN4的公司那样,股份的价值可能是一文不值。
不过,在有限公司下,作为小股东,“O”是你的亏蚀的极限,即使公司的资产沦为负数,也不至于连累你。
假如你是直接做生意,是私人有限公司的大股东,银行要你对贷款,提供个人担保的话,当公司负债高过资产时,你仍无法脱身。作为小股东,你所承担的风险,实际上比私人公司或合股企业的大股东更低。
股份(我不喜欢用“股票”两个字,因为容易误导人)的价值,既然是决定于公司的成败,或是决定于生意的成败,则作为小股东,只要选择购买生意成功的公司的股份,自然而然的就可以赚到钱,其理至明,看起来非常简单,照理是在股市赚钱并不是困难的事,为什么那么多人亏本?
我想主要的原因为:
①大部份人在买进时,根本对有关公司的基本面--业务、结构、盈利、管理层结构、财务情况、前景等等,一无所知。他们在买进时,只关心有关股票会不会被炒起,公司的好坏,对他们来说,并不重要。对他们来说,会涨价的就是好股,不会涨价,好股有何用?
他们根本没有参股的念头,他是在买赌桌上的筹码,所以常常买进没有前途的公司的股票,股票价值不断下降,怎能赚钱。
②高价买进劣股,后果自然是悲惨的。在购买股份时,即使是好的公司,如果售价太高,也很难赚钱,何况是高价买进坏股?大家千万不要忘记,投资赚钱与否,跟你的成本息息相关,成本太高,即使是好的公司的股份,也要很长的时间才能赚回来钱,何况是买坏股?
参加私人公司的股份,或是自己做生意,你从事的是一个行业,更准确的是一个行业中的一家公司,你是孤注一掷,如果生意失败,你将失去一切。
购买上市公司的股份,你可以进行多元化投资。在大马股票交易所上市的公司多达950家,只要你腾出一点业余的时间,进行研究,严加选择,你总可以从中选出十家八家有成长潜能的公司,把资金分散在十家不同行业的公司,其风险肯定比投注于一家公司的风险为低。
因为,股票投资的风险,不应比直接投资于生意来得更高。
从以上的分析,我们可以得出结论:
①股票投资的风险,源自企业的失败,叫“企业风险”。
②来自股价的下跌--买价太高。高价买好股,尚且难赚钱;何况高价买劣股。
我在“30年股票投资心得”一书中所提出的“冷眼方程式--反向+成长+时间=财富”,就是治本之道。
凡是投资,都有风险,股票投资的风险是无法避免的,就好像做生意无法避免风险一样。但若坚守冷眼方程式,循正道而行,可减低风险。
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